The choice between vector databases, which excel at storing and querying high-dimensional vector embeddings for AI applications, and NewSQL databases, which combine ACID guarantees with horizontal scalability, depends on specific requirements such as consistency, query patterns, and scalability. Vector databases are ideal for applications that rely heavily on similarity search and nearest neighbor queries, while NewSQL databases are better suited for mission-critical transactional workloads with strong consistency guarantees. As the boundaries between these database categories blur, understanding when to leverage each technology is essential for building applications that balance advanced AI features with enterprise-grade reliability and consistency.