Object detection is a pivotal aspect of computer vision tasked with identifying and categorizing objects within images or video frames, facing challenges like varying object appearances and cluttered backgrounds. Deep learning models, such as YOLO (You Only Look Once) and SSD (Single Shot MultiBox Detector), play a significant role in this field, offering different trade-offs in speed and accuracy. The performance of these models is crucially evaluated through metrics like Mean Average Precision (mAP), Intersection over Union (IoU), False Positive Rate (FPR), and False Negative Rate (FNR), with mAP being particularly valuable for its comprehensive assessment of detection accuracy. mAP is vital for applications like autonomous driving, medical imaging, and visual search, providing insights into model performance and guiding iterative improvements. Despite its importance, mAP has limitations, including sensitivity to IoU thresholds and challenges with overlapping objects, underscoring the nuanced interpretation required in different applications.