Data interoperability is crucial for unlocking valuable insights previously trapped in isolated systems by enabling seamless data exchange and interpretation across various platforms. By acting as a common language, it allows different systems, such as those in healthcare and finance, to communicate and collaborate effectively, enhancing patient care and fraud detection. However, achieving interoperability faces challenges such as differing data standards, privacy regulations like GDPR and HIPAA, and data silos that hinder collaboration. Solutions like APIs, standardized metadata, and privacy-preserving technologies are essential for overcoming these obstacles and ensuring compliance. Tools like Duality leverage advanced cryptographic methods to facilitate secure data sharing and collaboration without compromising privacy or regulatory adherence, proving particularly beneficial in fields like healthcare research, precision medicine, and financial services. By breaking down data silos, organizations can drive innovation and enhance collaboration, transforming interoperability from a challenge into a strategic advantage.