The text discusses when and why it might be necessary to set up additional Apache Kafka clusters, despite the capability of a typical five-to-six node Kafka cluster to handle large volumes of data efficiently. A single cluster can manage up to 200,000 partitions, but high-end infrastructure can push this limit. The reasons for deploying multiple clusters include compliance requirements, geographic distribution, disaster recovery, and independent scaling for different business lines. While multiple clusters may introduce integration challenges, a single cluster offers advantages like simpler event correlation, cost efficiency, and reduced operational complexity. Confluent Cloud and tools like Confluent ksqlDB, KStreams, and Apache Flink enhance Kafka's data streaming capabilities, enabling real-time business insights by processing data in motion. The text also highlights best practices for federated service governance for large Kafka deployments, emphasizing security, capacity management, and self-service operations to optimize Kafka's use as a central data platform.