New system views in PostgreSQL 19

PostgreSQL 19, still in beta at the time of writing, introduces four system views aimed at improving observability: pg_stat_lock provides cluster-wide cumulative lock-wait, wait-time, and fast-path exhaustion statistics by lockable object type, helping identify contention and partition-heavy workloads that may benefit from higher max_locks_per_transaction; pg_stat_recovery consolidates standby recovery details into a single atomic snapshot, including replay positions, timelines, pause state, transaction replay time, and promotion status; and pg_stat_autovacuum_scores reveals the per-table scoring system behind a new autovacuum prioritization model that ranks relations by transaction age, dead tuples, inserts, and analyze staleness, with configurable component weights. The smaller pg_dsm_registry_allocations view exposes dynamic shared memory registry allocations used increasingly by extensions that need shared state without requiring preload configuration or a server restart. Together, these additions expand SQL-accessible monitoring data for locks, replication, maintenance, and extension memory, though final behavior and naming may still change before the PostgreSQL 19 general release.

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