Homomorphic Encryption and LLM : Is ChatGPT end to end encrypted ?

Large language models (LLMs) represent a significant advancement in AI, capable of transforming various sectors by processing contextual data, such as personal or sensitive information. However, this raises privacy concerns, leading to bans in countries like Italy. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) offers a solution by allowing encrypted data processing without decryption, ensuring privacy while leveraging AI capabilities. Despite past limitations in FHE's speed and practicality, advancements in cryptographic techniques and hardware acceleration promise significant improvements, potentially making end-to-end encrypted LLMs viable within five years. This development could render privacy concerns obsolete, as data protection would be inherently guaranteed.