When To Use Range Sharding vs. Hash Sharding` in YugabyteDB is determined by the type of workload and query patterns, with hash sharding being more effective for single-row selection using primary key index, while range sharding is better suited for queries that select a range of rows or when a composite primary key is used. The choice between the two sharding methods depends on the specific use case and can be determined by considering factors such as query patterns, data distribution, and performance requirements. YugabyteDB supports both hash and range sharding, with the ability to specify ascending or descending order for partitioning, allowing developers to choose the most suitable approach for their application.