Docker allows developers to easily spin up a SQL Server container, which eliminates the need to install and manage the database on their local machine. This approach provides several benefits, including improved productivity, reduced disk space requirements, and increased flexibility in terms of operating system compatibility. By using Docker to run a SQL Server container, developers can create a .NET 6 application that seamlessly integrates with the containerized database, without any noticeable differences in performance or functionality. The tutorial demonstrates how to achieve this by downloading a Docker image for SQL Server, running it as a container, and connecting to it from the .NET application using Entity Framework Core.