ClickHouse fast queries

ClickHouse is a database system known for its speed, which is contingent on the proper design of schema and queries. Key performance improvements in ClickHouse are primarily achieved through thoughtful schema decisions during table creation, particularly by optimizing the sort key and table engine. The text outlines several impactful strategies to enhance query speed, such as designing an appropriate sort key, using LowCardinality for dimension columns, avoiding functions on sort key columns, utilizing the PREWHERE clause for selective filters, and replacing COUNT(DISTINCT) with the uniq() function for faster approximations. Pre-aggregating data with materialized views also significantly reduces query load, especially for dashboards. Diagnostic tools like system.query_log, EXPLAIN PIPELINE, and Tinybird's managed ClickHouse service can help diagnose and optimize query performance. The article emphasizes avoiding common pitfalls associated with BI tools generating inefficient SQL queries and suggests using dedicated views or rollup tables to maintain query efficiency.

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