Postman API Testing: Collections, Scripts, and Newman

Postman API testing turns manual HTTP requests into repeatable checks by organizing requests in version-controlled collections, using variables for environment-specific values, and adding JavaScript assertions for status codes, response content, latency, and JSON Schema conformance. The guide demonstrates chaining values between requests, handling credentials through local environment values and CI-injected secrets, and running data-driven tests from CSV files, highlighting a variable-scope issue in which collection variables can override iteration-specific expectations unless resolved through the appropriate scope. It explains how Newman executes exported collections headlessly, returns failing exit codes for CI/CD pipelines, and can generate JUnit and HTML-style reports in GitHub Actions, with artifacts retained even when tests fail. While collections are effective for endpoint smoke tests and service contracts, the guide notes they cannot verify browser behavior, database persistence, load performance, or complete user journeys, and it presents TestMu AI and KaneAI as tools intended to connect API checks with UI, database, and cross-platform testing.

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