How to Hard Refresh in Edge

Hard refreshing in Microsoft Edge can be done using keyboard shortcuts or manually clearing cache. Keyboard shortcuts vary slightly by operating system, with Ctrl + F5 or Command + Shift + R being the primary methods for Windows/Linux and macOS users respectively. To manually clear cache and hard refresh, navigate to Settings > Privacy, search, and services in Edge, then select items to delete and click Clear now. Other ways to hard refresh include using Developer Tools or browser extensions like "Clear Cache." Troubleshooting issues may involve disabling extensions, clearing cookies, flushing local DNS cache, or resetting browser settings.