Authentication is a long-running Workflow

KERNEL uses Temporal to manage authentication as a long-running connection lifecycle rather than a one-time login request, orchestrating nearly 80,000 successful sessions in 30 days, including over 5,000 that required human input or external approval. Each connection is represented by a durable Go-based parent Workflow responsible for configuration, health checks, reauthentication, cancellation, and failure handling, while individual login attempts run as child Workflows with separate browser instances, deadlines, and cleanup processes. Human actions such as MFA codes, account selection, push approvals, and CAPTCHA resolution are modeled as durable pause-and-resume states that survive Worker restarts without holding open HTTP requests or agent processes. TypeScript Workers perform model-driven browser-agent tasks through Activities and reattach to browser sessions when needed, while Go retains durable state and keeps credentials out of workflow event histories through short-lived leases. The system also performs recurring authentication checks, distinguishes inconclusive website failures from actual logout events, automatically reauthenticates when possible, and uses circuit breakers to avoid repeated failures or account lockouts. The approach emphasizes selecting the durable business lifecycle as the Workflow boundary, separating nondeterministic browser and model operations from persistent orchestration, and treating continued authenticated access as an ongoing product responsibility.

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