How do JSON and XML compare and when to use which

Data plays a crucial role in modern app development, with XML and JSON being two key formats for data transmission. XML, which gained popularity in the 1990s due to its markup format and ability to structure documents, is still prevalent in UI development and enterprise systems, despite its verbosity and limited human readability. JSON, emerging in the early 2000s and officially standardized in 2013, offers a simpler, more human-readable format optimized for data transmission, especially in web applications. JSON's popularity is largely due to its compatibility with JavaScript, making it the preferred choice for APIs and web-based integrations. However, XML remains relevant, particularly for non-web-based applications, as it supports metadata and complex document formatting that JSON cannot easily handle. The choice between XML and JSON often depends on the specific requirements of the project and the existing technology stack.