The tutorial compares two popular machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) frameworks, TensorFlow and PyTorch, by creating a feedforward neural network to classify handwritten digits from the MNIST dataset. Both frameworks are open source and free to use, enabling users to create, train, and deploy models for various ML and AI needs. The tutorial demonstrates how to architect the neural network using both frameworks, including the Sequential API and model subclassing approaches. It also shows how to train and evaluate the model's performance using common classification metrics such as precision, recall, and f1-score. The comparison highlights that TensorFlow is more beginner-friendly but PyTorch provides more flexibility for advanced or custom scenarios, leading to slightly worse performance in this particular case.