What is a JSON web token?

A JSON Web Token (JWT) is a compact, self-contained method of securely transmitting information between clients and servers, primarily used for authentication and authorization in web applications. JWTs consist of three parts: a header, payload, and signature, each encoded in Base64Url format, allowing for user identity verification and dictating user permissions without relying on server-side storage, which is known as stateless authentication. This method can improve application responsiveness by reducing server dependencies and enabling seamless user authentication across multiple platforms, exemplified by OAuth's use of JWTs to share user credentials across different servers. However, JWTs have a drawback in that they cannot be easily revoked or updated once issued, posing potential security risks if a token is compromised. Despite this, companies like Stytch provide solutions to enhance JWT security while maintaining their benefits, ensuring a balance between flexibility and protection.

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