AV1 vs. H.264: Which Codec Should You Use?

With the increasing demand for efficient video codecs due to the proliferation of video content across platforms, AV1 and H.264 emerge as prominent options, each offering distinct advantages and limitations for various applications. H.264, or AVC, has been the industry standard since 2003 due to its effective compression capabilities, broad compatibility, and reliability, making it suitable for real-time applications like video conferencing and live streaming. In contrast, AV1, introduced in 2018 by the Alliance for Open Media, is a royalty-free and open-source codec that provides better compression efficiency, particularly at higher resolutions and low bitrates, making it ideal for bandwidth-limited scenarios and future scalability, albeit with slower encoding speeds and limited device support. While H.264 remains a reliable choice for compatibility and speed, AV1 offers a forward-looking solution for streaming platforms and high-resolution content, with its adoption expected to rise as more devices support it. Understanding these codecs' unique features and real-world applications allows content creators and developers to make informed decisions based on specific needs, whether prioritizing device compatibility, streaming quality, or cost-efficiency.