The example Java code retrieves user input from an HTTP request parameter, writes it directly to the HttpServletResponse object, and then displays it on a web page without proper validation or sanitization, making it vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks. Reflective XSS is a type of attack where malicious code is injected into the user's input, which is then executed by other users who view the web page. Stored XSS is another type of attack where malicious code is stored on the server and served to all users who access the affected page. Snyk Code identifies two distinct XSS security issues in this method and provides solutions to mitigate them, including using libraries like Apache Commons Text to encode user input and prevent malicious code execution. Templating frameworks like Thymeleaf can also help protect against XSS vulnerabilities by encoding user input that is included in the rendered HTML. It's essential for developers to identify and address XSS vulnerabilities early in the development process and use the right tools, such as Snyk Code, to catch security issues before they reach production.