Patch Your Node and Eat Your Brotli Or You Won’t Get Dessert
Blog post from Semgrep
Node2Shell refers to CVE-2026-111497, an out-of-bounds write in the Brotli decoder bundled with Node.js that can potentially enable remote code execution when malformed attacker-controlled compressed data reaches the vulnerable native code. Exposure depends on application configuration rather than affecting all Node services, with possible paths including Express 5 using body-parser 2.x with Brotli inflation enabled, Node’s built-in fetch() processing attacker-influenced Brotli responses, direct node:zlib use, and certain Koa, Fastify, and related integrations. The underlying Brotli flaw incorrectly handled malformed or incomplete input, while the upstream fix added distinct error states and stops decoding invalid block transitions; Node.js addressed it in versions 22.23.4, 24.22.1, and 26.12.1. The discussion places the disclosure alongside PHP2Shell and argues that increasingly rapid exploitation timelines, potentially accelerated by AI-assisted code analysis, fuzzing, and patch review, leave defenders with far less time to apply security updates.
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