Optimization can happen on different levels, including code, technology, architecture, people, knowledge, and more. To optimize software testing, it's essential to identify and address challenges such as roles, responsibilities, and a culture of quality, where communication and clear expectations are crucial. Investing in domain knowledge is also vital, as it enables teams to develop or test applications without the right understanding. Duplication of code can be reduced by centralizing repetition into reusable code functions, leading to a cleaner code base and better debugging. Over-testing can be optimized by eliminating unnecessary tests, isolating changes, and implementing automatic rollback processes. Finally, optimizing speed involves improving test creation, continuous integration, and service-level agreements to reduce risk, define clear guidelines, and derive greater business value across the software development lifecycle. By addressing these areas, organizations can make their software testing process faster, more efficient, and more productive.