In Selenium testing, a common issue is when an element on the page doesn't exist yet, but will soon. A simple solution is to add a sleep or wait for a short period of time before checking again. However, this can be problematic if the element never appears or if there's an error. To avoid infinite loops, Selenium provides explicit waits, which allow developers to specify a timeout for waiting for an element to appear on the page. This can be achieved using the `contains_with_timeout` method in Ruby, which checks for the presence of a specific string within a given timeout period. Alternatively, Selenium's built-in `Explicit Wait` feature can be used with the `wait.until` method to achieve similar results.