Cloud-native Java development is a transformative approach in software development that leverages cloud computing to enhance application deployment, management, and scalability. By utilizing Java's robust frameworks and features such as containers, microservices, and native images, developers can build lightweight, efficient, and resilient applications that adapt to changing business needs. Key components like microservices architecture, containers, and CI/CD processes streamline application updates and integration, while DevOps fosters collaboration between development and operations for rapid software deployment. Various approaches, such as using JVM in Linux containers, MicroProfile for enterprise applications, and Spring Native for native images, offer different benefits and challenges, allowing developers to choose the best fit for their project requirements. The integration of tools like Rollbar further aids in efficient error management, enhancing the reliability of applications in production environments.