The problem of managing connections in server applications arises from the need to respond to independent requests from multiple clients, which can lead to a large number of short-lived connections that are not scalable. Connection pools provide a solution by opening a limited number of connections to the database and using a mechanism to mark them as "available" or "in use," allowing only free connections to be used. This approach is particularly useful in serverless functions, where each invocation is independent from others and maintaining a long-running connection can be challenging. Connection pools can help abstract away the details of connection management, but it's essential to ensure proper cleanup of connections to prevent leaks or deadlocks. Various clients, such as Redis clients for Python (aio-redis) and JavaScript (node_redis), support connection pooling, and some even offer features like context managers to simplify the process. In complex architectures, connection pools enable thinking about connection management at the local level while still addressing special use cases like transactions or blocking operations.