REST and gRPC are two distinct API styles that serve different purposes. REST, developed by Roy Fielding in the early 2000s, is a standardized, easy-to-use model that relies on HTTP verbs like GET and PUT. It's ideal for building simple interfaces with minimal fuss. On the other hand, gRPC is Google's RPC-based API, designed to simplify the process of calling APIs for developers and their clients. It doesn't rely on HTTP, instead using a protocol buffer data structure to generate client-side programming libraries that are easy for programmers to use. gRPC offers benefits like ease of defining procedures, faster implementation, and improved performance in certain cases. However, it has a steeper learning curve than REST. Ultimately, the choice between gRPC and REST depends on what developers want to achieve with their API, as both styles have their trade-offs. Understanding these differences is crucial for creating effective APIs that meet specific needs.