Cloud computing's vast array of services presents both opportunities and challenges, particularly in maintaining a secure cloud environment. Cloud architects must navigate a complex landscape of potential threats, as highlighted by AWS's Shared Responsibility Model, which emphasizes user accountability in securing cloud resources. Pulumi offers a structured approach to cloud security with its hierarchical system of users, teams, and organizations, allowing for controlled access and minimized security risks. Integrating Pulumi with identity providers like GitHub, GitLab, or BitBucket enhances security through Single Sign-On (SSO) and System for Cross-Domain Identity Management (SCIM), streamlining user management and reinforcing security protocols. Best practices include automating deployments via CI/CD pipelines, utilizing tokens for secure connections, and leveraging Pulumi's audit logs for monitoring. Regularly auditing access, permissions, and pipeline security is crucial, and enterprise-level features such as teams, SSO/SCIM, and audit logs are available to enhance security posture.