The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), enacted in 1996, aims to protect the privacy and security of patients' identifiable health information, covering a wide range of data including medical conditions, treatments, and personal identifiers. The Act consists of five titles addressing various aspects such as insurance coverage for those with pre-existing conditions, electronic health data security, tax-related healthcare guidelines, insurance reforms, and regulations on business-owned insurance plans. HIPAA mandates that any business handling protected health information (PHI) must comply with its standards, which include both technological measures like encryption and physical and administrative safeguards to prevent data breaches. Non-compliance can lead to substantial fines, and businesses must ensure that their electronic communications meet HIPAA's encryption guidelines. Additionally, HIPAA allows individuals to access and request modifications to their health records, necessitating businesses to manage record requests within specified timeframes and to transparently disclose how patient data is used and shared.