OWASP Top 10 LLM Security Risks (2025) – 5-Minute TLDR

In the past year, breaches involving large language models (LLMs) have surged by 180 percent, prompting the need for a concise guide to the top security risks and mitigation strategies. The Open Worldwide Application Security Project (OWASP) has identified the top ten vulnerabilities for LLMs, including prompt injection, sensitive information disclosure, supply chain vulnerabilities, data and model poisoning, improper output handling, excessive agency, system prompt leakage, vector and embedding weaknesses, misinformation, and unbounded consumption. These issues can lead to unauthorized data access, misinformation dissemination, and resource overuse, among other risks. Mitigation actions include restricting model behavior, enforcing privilege control, validating inputs and outputs, limiting permissions, and conducting adversarial testing. The importance of educating users and developers, along with implementing content security policies and resource constraints, is emphasized to manage these vulnerabilities effectively. The comprehensive OWASP Top 10 for LLMs PDF provides further details and examples, serving as a valuable resource for navigating the complex security landscape of LLM applications.