Don’t panic: a developer’s guide to building secure GraphQL APIs

At the API Specifications Conference, Postman Developer Advocate Meenakshi Dhanani discussed the security challenges of designing GraphQL APIs, emphasizing that GraphQL's dual role as both an API and a query language increases its attack surface. Dhanani highlighted the rising number of GraphQL vulnerabilities, as evidenced by searches in the National Vulnerability Database, and identified common attack types such as access control issues, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, and information disclosure. She stressed the importance of implementing authentication and authorization, using max depth checks to prevent recursive querying, and disabling introspection in production to mitigate these risks. Dhanani also addressed the prevalence of injection attacks, recommending input sanitization and the use of prepared statements to prevent SQL injection, as well as the enforcement of operation name allowlists to avoid log spoofing. Her overarching advice was to ensure robust security measures are in place to protect GraphQL APIs from being compromised, urging developers to prioritize prevention over rectification.

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