The Developer’s Guide to Identity Access Management Buzzwords

Identity and access management (IAM) is the framework of policies and technologies used to manage digital identities and control access to system resources, encapsulating authentication, authorization, and identity management. Authentication verifies a user's identity using credentials like passwords or biometric factors, while authorization determines access rights based on roles or attributes, employing models such as role-based access control (RBAC) and attribute-based access control (ABAC). IAM systems seek to enhance security, simplify access, and minimize unauthorized access risks, with key technologies including Single Sign-On (SSO), OAuth, and OpenID Connect. Leading IAM services like Okta and Microsoft Azure Active Directory, along with protocols like SAML and LDAP, help organizations manage identities securely, supported by buzzwords such as passwordless authentication and policy as code. The article also highlights the roles of identity providers and the significance of federation in linking identity systems, as well as the emerging trends in IAM, including the use of Google Zanzibar for scalable permissions management and open-source tools like Open Policy Agent (OPA) for policy enforcement.

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