AuthN vs. AuthZ: Understanding the Difference

Authentication (AuthN) and Authorization (AuthZ) are crucial components of Identity-Access-Management (IAM), often confused due to their similar-sounding names but serving distinct functions. Authentication is the process of verifying a user's identity through credentials like usernames, passwords, or biometric data, ensuring that only authorized individuals gain access to systems. In contrast, authorization determines what authenticated users can do within the system, often managed through roles and permissions defined by models like Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) or Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC). The integration of authentication and authorization is facilitated by JSON Web Tokens (JWTs), which securely store user identity information to inform authorization decisions without repeated authentication. Solutions like Permit.io can leverage JWTs to assign roles and enforce policies, enhancing security by precisely controlling access to resources and data.

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