New Relic's NerdGraph API allows users to automate common tasks such as auditing services and exporting telemetry data through API calls in Python or other programming languages. The API uses GraphQL, an open-source format that enables users to request specific data without over-fetching or under-fetching. By using NerdGraph, users can streamline their workflows and improve the efficiency of their observability practices, including automating tasks such as searching for instrumented services and exporting dashboards as files.