Apache Kafka is an open-source event streaming platform used by thousands of companies, including New Relic. It's distributed, highly scalable, and fault-tolerant but can be challenging to monitor due to its decoupled producer-consumer architecture and asynchronous processes. Distributed tracing with OpenTelemetry can help monitor Kafka clusters by providing context to messages, allowing for the analysis of bottlenecks, downstream impacts, data loss, consumer polling, and fine-tuning of env variables for producers. The code example demonstrates how to inject context into messages from a producer using OTel Propagators API and how to enable consumers to read incoming message context. Visualizing the data in Jaeger or an observability platform like New Relic provides valuable insights into performance bottlenecks and optimization opportunities.