Role Based Redirects is a feature in Netlify that allows users with specific roles to access restricted content. To enable Role Based Redirects, users need to add a redirect rule to their redirects file and configure JSON Web Tokens (JWT) with specific user roles. The JWT must be signed with a secret key and added to the Netlify dashboard. Once set up, authorized users can access gated sites by storing the JWT in a cookie named nf_jwt using a serverless Netlify function. This feature allows for granular access control, influencing navigation via redirects, and is implemented at the CDN edge, reducing extra round trips to the server when authorizing access.