To optimize storage costs for Postgres databases, consider removing unused indexes that consume storage space and add overhead to write operations, reducing storage duplicities by using database branching or multiple data copies, using efficient data types such as SMALLINT instead of BIGINT, ordering columns from largest to smallest to minimize padding, adjusting the history retention period in Neon projects to reduce storage size, and fine-tuning autovacuum schedules to reclaim storage space after rows are updated or deleted. By implementing these strategies, you can streamline your storage usage and keep your Postgres database running lean, making it more efficient, agile, and cost-effective.