Symfony is being integrated with Neo4j, a graph database, for efficient debugging and performance optimization. To achieve this, Symfony's Profiler and Logger are utilized to monitor and optimize Neo4j database interactions. The setup involves installing the required packages using Composer, configuring connections between Symfony and Neo4j, and enabling profiling and logging in the application. This integration enhances development efficiency by removing performance guesswork, providing valuable insights into query execution times, debug issues, and database performance issues.