The text discusses the differences between building an application using SQL versus MongoDB for data storage and management. The author highlights that innovation in business and code has outpaced database technologies, leading to a need for more flexible and scalable solutions like MongoDB. The text compares the two approaches by considering the goals of capturing and processing data, as well as the complexity of storing and retrieving data. It notes that traditional RDBMS systems have limitations due to their rigid schema design, whereas MongoDB's flexible schema allows for easier adaptation to changing business needs. The author presents examples in Java to demonstrate how SQL and MongoDB differ in implementing simple tasks such as saving and fetching contact data, highlighting the benefits of MongoDB's rich query language and flexibility in addressing database queries.