Serverless routing made sticky

Modal’s Sticky Sessions introduce session-aware serverless compute for stateful, long-lived workloads that need every request and reconnection to reach the same container, such as speech and voice agents, multiplayer games, collaborative rooms, and stateful web interfaces. Built on Modal Servers, the feature is enabled with a `@modal.sessioned()` decorator and creates signed session tokens that authorize participants while embedding routing metadata, allowing proxies to route requests without maintaining centralized session mappings. Unlike best-effort affinity or single-container workarounds, Sticky Sessions provide fixed container routing, host-managed session lifecycles, and autoscaling based on active sessions rather than request volume. Modal’s infrastructure uses a stateless proxy, periodic capacity probes, and session queues to distribute sessions across containers and scale capacity when concurrency is exhausted. The company highlights applications including WebRTC voice bots, shared chat rooms, and its own Curvytron multiplayer game deployment, where active rooms automatically determine compute scaling.

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