PostgreSQL 19 vs Memgraph: Comparing Graph Traversal Performance

In a detailed comparison of graph traversal performance between PostgreSQL 19 and Memgraph, the focus is on evaluating the effectiveness of SQL/PGQ support in PostgreSQL for exact hop reachability queries. PostgreSQL 19 introduces SQL/PGQ, allowing property graph queries over relational tables, which is valuable for teams already using Postgres to explore connected data. However, as traversal depth increases, PostgreSQL's performance diminishes, with significant slowdowns evident at four to five hops, where Memgraph, a native graph database built around the property graph model, demonstrates superior efficiency. Memgraph's architecture, which treats nodes and relationships as core data models, enables it to maintain low latency even in deep traversals, making it more suitable for applications that rely heavily on graph-based operations. The benchmark, utilizing the Pokec dataset, highlights the strengths and limitations of each database, suggesting that while PostgreSQL 19's graph query capabilities are beneficial for shallow queries within existing relational data, Memgraph is more advantageous for workloads requiring extensive graph traversal.

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