What is Extreme Programming (XP) as an agile methodology?

Extreme Programming (XP) is a software development methodology that emphasizes values such as simplicity, communication, feedback, respect, and courage, aligning closely with the principles of the Agile Manifesto. Originating in the mid-1990s at Chrysler, XP focuses on delivering stable, working software through practices like short feedback loops, iterative development, and shared understanding among team members. Unlike Scrum, which does not define technical practices, XP is rich in technical methodologies such as test-driven development, pair programming, and continuous integration, all aimed at enhancing collaboration and product quality. The methodology is applied across various industries, with companies like Menlo Innovations showcasing its impact through practices like high-tech anthropology to keep the customer's perspective central to development. XP's shared values and rules foster a collaborative environment, ensuring that customer needs are consistently met through iterative and incremental software delivery.