2FA UX patterns: Designing setup flows for SMS, authenticator apps, and biometrics

Two-factor authentication (2FA) methods like SMS OTP verification, TOTP authenticator apps, and biometric verification each have distinct user flows for setup and verification, yet share common patterns to enhance security while maintaining user convenience. Effective 2FA design requires a balance between robust security and a user-friendly experience, ensuring minimal friction during configuration and verification processes. SMS OTP involves registering a phone number and entering a code sent via SMS, while TOTP requires users to scan a QR code or enter a secret code in an authenticator app. Biometric methods rely on fingerprint or facial recognition, offering a seamless flow if already configured. Common user experience challenges include delays, errors in code entry, and physical verification issues; solutions include clear instructions, fallback options, and education on security benefits. Handling failures like OTP delivery issues or lost devices requires alternative methods like recovery codes. LogRocket aids in understanding user interactions with 2FA flows, helping designers optimize security and usability through session insights.