JavaScript debugging presents challenges due to its compatibility issues across different browsers, often arising from the use of modern Web APIs or ECMAScript 6 features that are not universally supported. Common errors include "Uncaught TypeError," which typically occurs when methods or properties are called on undefined objects, often due to improper state initialization in UI components. Loading and runtime errors, similar to compile errors in other languages, can halt scripts unexpectedly, with misspelled syntax or missing semicolons being typical causes. Cross-browser issues, such as the "Null Object Error" in Safari, occur when methods are called on null objects, while parse errors often result from hard line breaks misinterpreted by the compiler. A "Script error" indicates cross-origin policy violations, necessitating the use of try-catch blocks for error handling. The "TypeError – Property Not Supported by Object" and "TypeError – Cannot Read Length" highlight issues with undefined methods or variables, particularly in Internet Explorer and Chrome. Utilizing strict compilers like TypeScript or guard clauses helps prevent these undefined or null type errors. Arnab Roy Chowdhury, an experienced UI developer and blogger, emphasizes these debugging techniques and solutions.