Kong Enterprise offers a range of out-of-the-box plugins for access control solutions, but for non-standard or custom security requirements, developing a custom Kong plugin is a viable option. This approach is particularly beneficial when integrating with in-house authentication and authorization services, as it simplifies microservices by centralizing security logic within Kong. The process involves developing a custom plugin, such as "custom-auth," which includes defining a configuration schema and implementing core logic to validate JWT tokens and check user permissions. This plugin structure includes files like schema.lua for configuration and handler.lua for executing token introspection and permission checks. Once the plugin is developed, it can be deployed and tested in Kong Enterprise to ensure it manages API access effectively. The ability to extend Kong with custom plugins allows for seamless integration with existing systems, ensuring current and future security needs can be met, which is a key advantage for Kong users.