The bug life cycle is the process by which bugs are discovered, verified, prioritized, assigned to developers for fixing, and ultimately resolved or closed. The typical bug undergoes three phases: Bug Understanding, where it's verified as a valid bug; Bug Triage, where its priority is determined and assigned to a developer; and Bug Resolution, where the cause of the error is identified and fixed. Within these phases, various statuses such as UNCONFIRMED, CONFIRMED/OPEN, IN_PROGRESS, RESOLVED, VERIFIED/CLOSED, and RE-OPENED are used to track progress. Tracking metrics like Closed vs. reported bugs, Average time to fix, Bug distribution by severity, Bug distribution by module, Bug distribution by root cause, and Bug leakage provide insights into the effectiveness of the bug tracking process and help identify areas for improvement. A well-designed workflow and tools can facilitate efficient handling of bug reports, while a culture that encourages communication, clear assignment, and accountability is essential for successful bug management.