In the 1960 census, fabricated data resulted in nonsensical statistics, like teenage women having 12 or more children, highlighting the broader issue of anomalous data in analysis. This distinction between outliers and anomalies is crucial, as outliers are legitimate data points deviating from the norm, while anomalies are illegitimate and could indicate data errors or fraud. For instance, data visualization revealed electoral anomalies in countries like Uganda and Russia, suggesting voting fraud, while in Poland, the distribution of language exam scores hinted at grading manipulation. These examples underscore the importance of thoroughly understanding and visualizing data before using it for decision-making, as raw data or simple statistics might obscure underlying issues.