Terraform provisions infrastructure using a declarative configuration language, allowing users to define multiple instances of infrastructure with a single block of code. The `count` feature allows provisioning resources in flexible scaling scenarios, while the `for_each` feature enables provisioning entire modules or duplicate resources with complex configurations. These features work together to simplify Terraform's declarative configuration language and provide users with more flexibility in their infrastructure setup. With the recent release of Terraform 0.13, these features can also be used with modules and other new features.