A comprehensive monitoring and observability strategy for HashiCorp Vault simplifies finding answers to important questions, enabling quick identification, analysis, and resolution of issues. This involves architecting a well-rounded strategy with log analysis, telemetry analysis, and API/synthetic monitoring, focusing on infrastructure monitoring, understanding Vault service consumption, and utilizing log analysis tools like Prometheus-compatible `/v1/sys/metrics` API endpoint. Key metrics to observe include request load, token creation, expire numbers, in-flight requests, handle requests, and handle login requests, with alerts triggered for anomalous values or sudden spikes. Synthetic monitoring simulates user interactions to measure performance and detect issues, while dashboards should be designed to visualize data in an easily consumable format, focusing on the target user group and incorporating filters for different dimensions. Reporting provides insights into compliance, security, access patterns, performance, and Vault adoption, with organizations correlating key indicators with organizational constructs using a well-defined path structure, naming convention, and tagging standard.