Two sizes fit most: PostgreSQL and Clickhouse

Since the introduction of System R in 1974, relational databases, particularly SQL databases, have dominated the data persistence landscape, with PostgreSQL emerging as a significant improvement over both its predecessors and other potential successors. Despite the rise of specialized solutions like OLAP databases, which are better suited for analytical workloads, the traditional relational database architecture has persisted, particularly in Online Transaction Processing (OLTP). Michael Stonebraker's research highlighted inefficiencies in the traditional architecture, suggesting that a shift to single-threaded, in-memory databases could offer significant performance improvements, though this approach comes with tradeoffs that have limited its adoption. PostgreSQL has become the leading variant of conventionally architected databases, with its flexibility and feature set making it a popular choice for many enterprises, including GitLab, which transitioned from MySQL to PostgreSQL in 2019. While the NoSQL movement highlighted some limitations of traditional databases, modern relational engines like PostgreSQL have incorporated many of these features, rendering NoSQL more of a feature set than a distinct category.

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