The graph-relational database, defined

The graph-relational model is a new data representation paradigm that combines elements of graph and relational databases, offering a conceptual framework where data is represented as strongly typed objects with set-valued scalar properties and links to other objects. Unlike traditional relational databases, which require explicit foreign key constraints to manage relationships, the graph-relational model simplifies these connections through unique object identities and direct links, making them first-class citizens akin to graph databases. This model introduces cardinality as a core concept, allowing attributes to have specific constraints on the number of values they can hold, thus extending the relational model's capabilities. EdgeDB, the first production-ready implementation of this model, utilizes a query language called EdgeQL, which is designed to work with this paradigm and supports set-theoretic operations, including handling absence of data as empty sets instead of NULL values. As a spiritual successor to the relational paradigm, graph-relational databases like EdgeDB aim to provide a more intuitive and flexible approach to managing complex data relationships, potentially inspiring future databases with varying type systems and syntax.

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