Backdoor attacks in AI models represent a growing threat across various industries, where malicious actors embed hidden vulnerabilities within AI systems that can be activated by specific triggers, such as an emoji or watermark. These attacks differ from traditional software vulnerabilities as they manipulate the AI training process itself, creating dual-purpose models that appear normal until exploited. Types of backdoor attacks include data poisoning, model manipulation, transfer learning, and supply chain attacks, each targeting different aspects of the machine learning pipeline. The technical complexity of these attacks lies in their ability to use neural network dynamics to create models that respond to specific triggers while maintaining normal functionality otherwise. Detection and prevention strategies include comprehensive input validation, multi-model consensus verification, continuous model behavior monitoring, robust dataset auditing, advanced runtime security controls, and automated red team simulation testing. Tools like Galileo provide industrial-strength capabilities for anomaly detection, multi-model evaluation, data quality assessment, and real-time output protection, offering robust defenses against backdoor exploitation in mission-critical AI deployments.