Elasticsearch 0.15 introduces a versioning feature that enhances document management by assigning a version number to each indexed document, which enables operations like optimistic concurrency control. This allows users to update documents with the assurance that changes are based on the latest version, preventing conflicts when updates attempt to modify stale data. Additionally, the versioning supports a "put if absent" logic by using a create flag, ensuring that documents are not unintentionally overwritten. The feature also provides real-time version information, eliminating the need for explicit refresh calls, and offers informative error messages when conflicts occur, such as when attempting to update or delete non-existent documents. This advancement in versioning integrates seamlessly with Elasticsearch's near real-time capabilities, enhancing both the reliability and efficiency of document indexing and management.