David Pilato discusses various methods to preload Elasticsearch with a dataset, emphasizing that modifying the official Docker image is not ideal due to maintenance challenges. Instead, he suggests alternative approaches, including using a shell script, Logstash, Docker Compose, snapshot and restore, mounted directories, and Elastic Cloud. Each method has its advantages and limitations, such as flexibility, speed, and ease of setup. Pilato provides detailed steps for implementing these solutions, highlighting that the choice depends on user preferences and constraints. He encourages community input and reminds readers that the availability of features is subject to Elastic's discretion.